Key Inclusion Criteria:
* Documented evidence of recurrent/persistent endometrial cancer (endometrial carcinoma or carcinosarcoma).
* Up to 3 prior lines of systemic therapy for endometrial cancer, including systemic platinum-based chemotherapy and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, either in combination or separately.
* Eligible for treatment with either doxorubicin or paclitaxel as determined by the investigator.
* Radiologically evaluable disease (either measurable or nonmeasurable) by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) per RECIST v1.1.
* Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0 or 1.
* Adequate organ function
Key Exclusion Criteria:
* Uterine leiomyosarcoma and endometrial stromal sarcomas are excluded.
* Participants who are candidates for curative-intent therapy at the time of study enrollment.
* Participants eligible for rechallenge with platinum-based chemotherapy as determined by the investigator.
* Received any prior treatment with a Trop-2-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC).
* Have an active second malignancy.
* Have an active serious infection requiring systemic antimicrobial therapy.
* Have active chronic inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) or gastrointestinal perforation within 6 months prior to randomization.
* Have a positive serum pregnancy test or are breastfeeding for participants who are assigned female at birth.
Note: Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria may apply.
